Fresher Interview Questions with Answers
This blog explains about Fresher Interview Questions with Answers and is given below :
| 1. Service Based Company |
Product Based Company |
| i)They fulfill software requirements for a client | They create their own product |
| ii) Requirements are gathered using client | Requirements are gathered based on customer feedback, Market Survey. R & D department |
| iii)Example for service based companies
CTS, TCS, Wipro, Infosys |
Example for product based companies
Oracle, Microsoft |
2. Manual Testing |
Automation Testing |
| i)Testing the software manually by giving inputs manually and verifying the functionality of the application is Manual Testing | Writing a program and having the application to be tested for it functionality and performance with out any manual intervention is Automation Testing |
| ii)It is also called as Black box Testing | Automated testing can be white box or black box Testing |
| iii)Programming knowledge is not preferred | Programming knowledge is preferred |
3.Test Cases |
Test Script |
| i)It is a document consists of step by step instruction or procedure to check the functionality & stability of the application | It is a set of instruction wrriten using scripting or programming language to test the functionality of the application |
| ii)Normally test cases are used in Manual Testing | Test script’s are used in Automation Testing |
4.Programming language |
Scripting Language |
| i)Programming language needs compilation | Scripting languages do not require the compilation |
| ii)Examples for programming languages are Java, C, C++ | Examples for scripting languages are JavaScript, perl |
| iii)Applications of Scripting Languages :
1. To automate certain tasks in a program
2. Extracting information from a data set
3. Less code intensive as compared to traditional programming languages |
Applications of Programming Languages :
1. They typically run inside a parent program like scripts
2. More compatible while integrating code with mathematical models
3. Languages like JAVA can be compiled and then used on any platform |
5.SDLC |
STLC |
| i)It is systematic approach to develop a software | It is a systematic approach to test a software |
| ii)Customer , Developer, Testing Enginner , Project Architect, Client etc takes part in this cycle | Testing Engineer responsible for the whole cycle |
6.Regression Testing |
Retesting |
| i)Because of adding a new feature, old feature might have impacted , testing the old feature is called as Regression testing | Testing only the defected areas are called Retesting |
| ii)In regression testing passed test cases are executed . | In retesting failed test cases are executed |
7.Smoke Testing |
Sanity Testing |
| i)Testing the critical funtionality of the application is Smoke Testing | It is done whenever a quick round of software testing can prove that the software application is functioning according to business / functional requirements. |
| ii)Smoke Testing is formal way for testing the software | Sanity Testing is informal way for testing the software |
| iii)For Smoke testing, Test cases and Test scripts are generated for Manual or Automation execution | For Sanity testing test cases and test scripts will not be used. |
8.Testing |
Debugging |
| i)Fundamentally, testing is a process to check if the system is working same as it was supposed to do, and not working as it was not supposed to do. It is done by the tester to identify the defects in the system (actual result of test case execution is not matching with expected result). | Debugging is the activity performed by developers to fix the bug found in the system. This is manual step by step unstructured and unreliable process to find and removes a specific bug from the system. |
| ii)It is done by the tester to identify the defects in the system (actual result of test case execution is not matching with expected result). | Based on the defects reported, the developer starts analyzing the root cause of the defect to make system defect free. The developers need to fix the code to make actual result same as expected result. |
| iii)Testing is the process which can be planned, designed and executed | Debugging is the process which cannot be so forced. |
| iv)Testing is a process of finding bugs or errors in a software product that is done manually by tester. | Debugging is a process of fixing the bugs found in testing phase. Programmer or developer is responsible for debugging and it can’t be automated. |
9.Severity |
Priority |
| i)Severity of a defect is related to how severe a bug is. Usually the severity is defined in terms of financial loss, damage to environment, company’s reputation and loss of life. | Priority of a defect is related to how quickly a bug should be fixed and deployed to live |
| ii)Severity is associated with standards | Priority is associated with scheduling |
| iii)Severity is categorized into Critical, Major, Minor, Low | Defect Priority is categorized into Immediate, High, Medium, Low |
10.Alpha Testing |
Beta Testing |
| i)This is a form of internal acceptance testing performed mainly by the in-house software QA and testing teams. | |
| ii)Alpha testing is the last testing done by the test teams at the development site after the acceptance testing and before releasing the software for beta test. |
This is the final testing phase where the companies release the software to few external user groups outside the company test teams or employees. |
| iii)To evaluate the quality of the product | To evaluate customer satisfaction |
| iv)Focus on finding bugs | Focus on collecting suggestions / feedback and evaluate them effectively |
| v)Does the product work? | Do customers like the product? |
11. Static Testing |
Dynamic Testing |
| i)Static Testing , it is also called as Static Testing | Dynamic Testing is called as Validation |
| ii)Static Testing is type of testing in which the code is not executed. It can be done manually or by a set of tools. | Dynamic testing is done when the code is in operation mode. |
| iii)The Static test techniques include: Inspection, Walkthrough, Technical reviews, Informal reviews | The Dynamic test techniques include: Unit Testing, Integration Testing, System Testing, Acceptance Testing |
12.Functional Testing |
Non – Functional Testing |
| i)Functional Testing is the type of testing done against the business requirements of application. It is a black box type of testing. | Non Functional Testing how much time does the software will take to complete a task? or how fast the response is. |
| ii)Functional Tetsting can be achieved using set of tools | The non functional tests can be effective by using testing tools. |
| iii)Eg tools are: Selenium, UFT etc | Eg tools are: J meter, Load Runner etc |
13.Quality Assurance |
Quality Control |
| i)The function of software quality that assures that the standards, processes, and procedures are appropriate for the project and are correctly implemented. | The function of software quality that checks that the project follows its standards, processes, and procedures, and that the project produces the required internal and external (deliverable) products. |
| ii)The goal of Quality Assurance is to prevent introducing defects in the software application which help to improve the development and testing processes. | The goal of Quality Control is to identify the defects in the software application after it is developed. |
| iii)Quality Assurance is process oriented | Quality Control is product oriented |
14.Test Plan |
Test Strategy |
| i)The test plan is a document that lists all the activities in a QA project, | Test strategy is going to have details like – Individual modules are to be tested by test team members. |
| ii)Test plan is derived from SRS (Software Requirement Specification) which is prepared by test lead or manager. | Test strategy is developed by project manager or business analyst. |
| iii)Test plan contains: Test plan ID, Test Environment, Features to be tested/Not tested, Entry/Exit criteria, Status, Types of testing, Brief Intro | Test Strategy contains Scope and objective, Business Issues, Testing approach, Test deliverables, Defect tracking approach, Training, Automation, Risks |
| iv)Test plan is often not updated but if there is some new feature or change is introduced then it has to be updated accordingly. | Test strategy should not be modified very often because it sets some standards for test plan and if standards are modified frequently then it becomes difficult to stick to a particular plan and changing plan frequently will affect the quality of the testing. |
15.Black Box Testing |
White Box Testing |
| i)It is the testing done by the professional testing enginner by looking into the application, they are not exposed to the logic of the code or the flow of the code | It is the testing done by the development team often the completion of coding, This is done by looking into the internal Behaviuor of Logic of the code and flow of the code |
| ii)It is done by Tester , Developer, Customer | Done by developer |
| iii)It is also called as functional testing | It is also called as Unit testing, Transparent testing |
| iv)Highly time consuming & exhaustive | Least time consuming and not exhaustive |
16.Load Testing |
Stress Testing |
| i)Testing the stability & response time of the application by applying a desired load less than or equals to the desired number is Load testing | Applying load greater than the desird load and checking the response time of an application is called as Stress Testing |
| ii)Load testing is usually started as low numbers and gradually increased over a given period of time until it reaches the desired load on the system and then it ramps down. | Stress testing starts of the same as load testing, e.g. gradually increasing load on the servers, the process is repeated till the time the load is reached to the unexpected limits. |
17.Stubs |
Drivers |
| i)It is a dummy piece of module which is created as a substitue for child module | It is a dummy piece of module which is created as a substitue for parent module |
| ii)Stubs used in Top-Down Approach | Drivers used in Bottom-Up Approach |
| iii)It is used to check the communication from parent to child | It is used to check the communication from child to parent |
– AUTHOR
KOGUL
REFERENCES :
https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/whats-the-difference-between-scripting-and-programming-languages/
http://www.softwaretestingstuff.com/2009/12/difference-between-smoke-sanity-testing.html
https://www.softwaretestingclass.com/difference-between-testing-and-debugging/
https://www.testingexcellence.com/severity-and-priority-difference/
https://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/static-testing-and-dynamic-testing-difference/
https://www.softwaretestingclass.com/difference-between-static-testing-and-dynamic-testing/
https://www.softwaretestingclass.com/functional-testing-vs-non-functional-testing/
https://www.softwaretestingclass.com/difference-between-quality-assurance-qa-and-quality-control-qc/
http://toolsqa.com/software-testing/differences-between-performance-load-and-stress-testing/